電(dian)(dian)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是(shi)利(li)用電(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)的(de)方法(fa)對金屬(shu)(shu)和(he)非金屬(shu)(shu)表面(mian)進行裝飾、防護及獲取某些新(xin)性(xing)(xing)能的(de)一種工藝(yi)過程。電(dian)(dian)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)行業中，常用的(de)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)種有(you)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鎳、鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)銅(tong)、鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鉻、鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅、鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鎘(ge)、鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鉛、鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)銀、鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)金和(he)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)錫。以鉻電(dian)(dian)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)工藝(yi)為例，電(dian)(dian)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)生產(chan)工藝(yi)流(liu)程為：堿洗(xi)(洗(xi)油污(wu))→清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)→酸洗(xi)(除氧化(hua)皮)→清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)→鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鎳(第一層(ceng))→回收(shou)(回收(shou)帶出鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)液)→清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)→鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鉻→(回收(shou)帶出鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)液)→鉻還(huan)(huan)原→中和(he)→清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)→滾洗(xi)→烘干→成(cheng)品。電(dian)(dian)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)工藝(yi)流(liu)程中有(you)多次清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)、堿洗(xi)、酸洗(xi)、滾洗(xi)等產(chan)生大量清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)水(shui)(shui)，因此電(dian)(dian)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)廢水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)復雜(za)，噴碼機涉及到(dao)各(ge)種重金屬(shu)(shu)離子(zi)并(bing)用到(dao)劇(ju)毒的(de)氰化(hua)物，毒性(xing)(xing)較大，有(you)些還(huan)(huan)含致癌、致畸、致突(tu)變的(de)劇(ju)毒物質(zhi)，對人類危(wei)害極大。必須經(jing)過強化(hua)化(hua)學(xue)(xue)方法(fa)處理，通過氧化(hua)破氰、還(huan)(huan)原除鉻、中和(he)反應(ying)、混凝沉淀等工藝(yi)消(xiao)除污(wu)染(ran)，并(bing)通過精密(mi)過濾(lv)徹底(di)去除污(wu)染(ran)因子(zi)。